利用AIRS产品分析中国地区近地面甲烷浓度时空特性   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王红梅  李佳田  张莹  李莘莘  张蓝  陈良富 《遥感学报》2015,19(5):827-835

甲烷(CH4)作为仅次于二氧化碳(CO2)的第二大温室气体,不仅在全球和区域尺度光化学反应中起着重要作用,而且在能量收支平衡及气候变化方面有着重要的影响。2013年,Auqa/EOS的大气红外探测仪(AIRS)热红外近地表CH4产品在AIRS Version6.0产品中发布,其结果尚未在中国进行验证,利用热红外传感器分析中国近地表CH4浓度的时空分布还处于初始阶段。本文利用中国青海瓦里关(WLG)、中国台湾鹿林山(LLN)及蒙古乌兰乌勒(UUM)地基观测资料对AIRS V6.0近地面CH4浓度产品进行了验证,误差在2%以内,二者相关系数r分别为0.68、0.5、0.69,变化趋势一致,进而从地域、季节变化和年际变化3个方面探讨了2003年—2013年中国地区近地面CH4浓度的时空分布特征。结果表明:CH4浓度最低值位于西藏地区(1800 ppbv),高值区位于新疆维吾尔自治区北部、内蒙古自治区及黑龙江北部(1920 ppbv);夏季高,冬季低,季节性变化明显,年际变化基本上呈增长趋势。  相似文献   

大气CO₂浓度时空变化卫星遥感监测的应用潜力分析     

布然  雷莉萍  郭丽洁  刘达  曾招城 《遥感学报》2015,19(1):34-45

GOSAT卫星观测反演大气CO2浓度精度已经提高到了1—2 ppm,而卫星数据能否准确地揭示全球和区域大气CO2浓度变化特征还缺乏充分的评价与分析。本文针对已经连续运行观测3年的GOSAT卫星,收集了来自美国NASA-OCO团队(ACOS)和日本环境研究所GOSAT团队(NIES)基于各自算法反演的两套大气CO2柱浓度数据,描述并分析了全球大气CO2时空变化特征。分析结果表明,从XCO2反演的绝对值结果来看ACOS总体上比NIES的高出约2 ppm左右,但从时空的相对变化上它们揭示了相近的大气CO2浓度时空变化特征。两套数据显示出全球平均大气CO2浓度在2010年—2012年的3年期间年增量分别为1.8 ppm和2.0 ppm;季节变化幅度,北半球最大4—6 ppm,南半球最大约2 ppm,这与地面观测结果基本一致。进一步将EDGAR 4.2人为排放总量格网化数据与GOSAT卫星观测反演的CO2浓度进行相关统计分析,结果指出两套数据对人为排放量有着微弱的响应。本文结果指出目前GOSAT卫星观测反演的XCO2可以检测出全球和区域大气CO2浓度的年变化、季节变化和区域空间变化的特征;GOSAT卫星10.5 km空间分辨率的观测虽难于检测出点源的浓度变化,但从区域上对人为排放的累积效应的监测显示了一定的应用潜力。  相似文献   

1961-2012年江苏省霾日时空变化特征及影响因素分析     

田心如  林惠娟  陈广昌  武艳  王伟丽 《气象与环境学报》2015,(3):29-34

利用1961—2012年江苏省69个地面气象站观测资料和2012年苏州市大气气溶胶观测资料,在对霾日进行判识和筛选的基础上,分析江苏省霾日的时空变化特征及霾与气象条件和污染物的关系。结果表明：1961—2012年江苏省各站年总霾日数均呈上升趋势,85％的台站呈极显著上升趋势;江苏省年平均霾日数呈显著上升趋势,其中2011—2012年呈急剧上升趋势;1980年前霾日的空间分布差异不明显,1980年后,沿江和苏南地区为霾的高发区,东部沿海大部地区霾日较少。霾天气主要发生在冬季和春季,以12月和1月发生最多。降水少和风速小有利于霾天气的发生;除SO2外,PM10、PM2.5和NO2等污染物浓度随着霾等级的增加而增大,其中PM2.5浓度增大明显。  相似文献   

综合物化探方法在深冲矿区铀多金属矿勘探中的应用     

何友宇  覃金宁  李竹溢  黄绍琼 《国土资源导刊(湖南)》2015,(1):84-89

通过研究深冲铀矿区γ能谱铀异常、氡浓度异常特征和激电异常特征,探索矿区范围岩体、断裂构造和蚀变带与物化探信息显示特征的关系。据此,结合矿区地质特征,总结物化探方法应用效果,矿致异常综合特征。  相似文献   

未来黄、东海营养盐浓度变化情景预测   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

赵一丁  杨波  魏皓  赵亮 《海洋与湖沼》2015,46(5):983-994

本文基于FGOALS(Flexible Global Ocean-Atmosphere-Land System model)对未来气候情景的预测结果,结合千年生态评估的未来两个情景下的河流营养盐载荷特征,利用黄、东海水动力模型和生态模型并采用降尺度的方法对未来黄、东海营养盐的分布特征进行情景预测。结果表明,两个情景下未来河口邻近海区营养盐浓度将显著增加,富营养化加剧;GO(Global Orchestration)情景下,河流无机氮载荷增幅较大,夏季黄海中部无机氮浓度明显升高;AM(Adapting mosaic)情景下,由于河流无机磷载荷增幅较大,海区氮磷比有所下降,夏季黄海中部表层无机氮浓度降低,而在底层升高。通过敏感性实验并结合收支分析对各海区水动力条件未来变化、河流载荷变化的相对贡献进行了评估:相对于水温和水动力环境改变,河流营养盐排放量的增长是未来营养盐浓度增加的主要原因。营养盐收支分析表明,未来对流和混合输运的变化有助于黄海营养盐浓度的增加,夏季生物量升高造成更多碎屑沉降并在底层矿化使得层化季节冷水团底部营养盐浓度增长;长江口邻近海区营养盐浓度增长主要受冲淡水羽流的影响;净初级生产增加加剧了营养盐的消耗。  相似文献   

An assessment of arctic sea ice concentration retrieval based on “HY-2” scanning radiometer data using field observations during CHINARE-2012 and other satellite instruments     

SHI Lijiang  LU Peng  CHENG Bin  KARVONEN Juha  WANG Qimao  LI Zhijun  HAN Hongwei 《海洋学报(英文版)》2015,(3)

A retrieval algorithm of arctic sea ice concentration (SIC) based on the brightness temperature data of “HY-2” scanning microwave radiometer has been constructed. The tie points of the brightness tempe...  相似文献   

北极中央区海冰密集度与云量相关性分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

纪旭鹏  赵进平 《海洋学报》2015,37(11):92-104

本文使用海冰密集度以及低云、中云、高云的日平均数据,借助滑动相关分析方法,研究了北极中央区海冰密集度与云量之间的相关性,分析了海冰与云的相互作用机制。研究表明,在春季海冰融化季节(4、5月)、秋季海冰冻结季节(10、11月),低云与海冰密集度之间表现为较好的负相关,表明在这段时间内冰区海面蒸发强烈,对低云的形成有重要贡献。在10月和11月,中云与海冰密集度也有很好的负相关,表明秋季低云可以通过抬升形成中云。高云与海冰密集度之间并没有明显的相关性,可能原因:一方面海冰的空间分布对高云无影响,另一方面,高云主要影响到达的短波辐射,从而影响海冰的融化和冻结速度,与海冰厚度有直接显著的关系,而与海冰密集度的关系不明显。此外,在海冰密集度与低云存在较好负相关的情况下会出现某些年份相关性不好的情况,我们的研究发现这是北极中央区与周边海区发生了海冰交换或云交换的结果。  相似文献   

基于HJ-1遥感数据的矿区水体污染监测与分析——以龙岩紫金山金铜矿为例     

陈绍杰  陈颖  杜培军  柳思聪 《四川测绘》2011,(6):252-255

矿产资源的持续开采与加工利用使得矿区周边水资源受到的污染日趋严重,急需采用先进技术对水污染进行监测分析,遥感技术是水环境监测最为有效的技术之一。利用国产环境一号小卫星多光谱遥感影像数据,针对福建省龙岩市紫金山矿区不同时相的数据进行水质遥感监测。利用近红外单波段阈值分割法提取悬浮物浓度信息,基于矿区酸碱性水体光谱曲线特性采用342波段假彩色合成影像,采用SVM分类方法进行分类,判别矿区水体酸碱性以及分析水体受污染程度变化和污染源。结果表明,研究区汀江水体2008年呈现碱性,2010年呈现弱碱性,水质在研究时段内得到一定的改善,但在选矿厂与矿区附近的水体中仍含有大量重金属沉积物。  相似文献   

Evaluation of a three-band model for estimating chlorophyll-a concentration in tidal reaches of the Pearl River Estuary, China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Shuisen Chen  Ligang Fang  Hongli Li  Weiqi Chen  Wenrui Huang   《ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing》2011,66(3):356-364

Accurate assessment of phytoplankton chlorophyll-a (Chla) concentration in turbid waters by means of remote sensing was challenging due to the optical complexity of turbid waters. Recently, a conceptual model containing reflectance in three spectral bands in the red and near-infrared range of the spectrum was suggested for retrieving Chla concentrations in turbid productive waters. The objective of this paper was to evaluate the performance of this three-band model to estimate Chla concentration in the Pearl River Estuary (PRE), China. Reflectance spectra of surface water and water samples were collected concurrently. The samples contained variable Chla (4.80-92.60 mg/m³) and total suspended solids (0.4-55.2 mg/L dry wt). Colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) absorption at 400 nm was 0.40-1.41 m⁻¹; turbidity ranged from 4 to 25 NTU (Nephelometric Turbidity Units). The three-band model was spectrally calibrated by iterative and least-square linear regression methods to select the optimal spectral bands for the most accurate Chla estimation. Strong linear relationships (R²=0.81, RMSE=1.4 mg/m³, N=32) were established between measured Chla and the levels obtained from the calibrated three-band model [R⁻¹(684)-R⁻¹(690)]×R(718), where R(λ) was the reflectance at wavelength λ. The calibrated three-band model was independently validated (R²=0.9521, RMSE=6.44 mg/m³, N=16) and applied to retrieve Chla concentrations from the calibrated EO-1 Hyperion reflectance data in the PRE on December 21, 2006. The EO-1 Hyperion-derived Chla concentrations were further validated using synchronous in situ data collected on the same day (R²=0.64, RMSE=2 mg/m³, N=9). The spatial tendency of Chla distribution mapping by Hyperion showed gradually increased concentrations of Chla farther from the river mouths (although decreasing from east to west), which were disturbed by the combination of river outlets and tidal current in Lingding Bay of the PRE. This observation conformed to previous observations and studies, and could reasonably be explained by geographical changes. Also, results indicated that the slope of the three-band regression line decreased as the Chla concentration increased, resulting in the first sensitive band of the three-band model to move towards short wavelengths. These findings validated the rationale behind the conceptual model and demonstrated the robustness of this algorithm for Chla retrieval from in situ data and the Hyperion satellite sensor in turbid estuarine waters of the PRE, China.  相似文献   

Changes of P, Ca, Al and Fe contents in fringe marshes along a pedogenic chronosequence in the Pearl River estuary, South China   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Rong Xiao  Honggang ZhangHaifeng Gao  Xinhui LiuAndreas Wilkes 《Continental Shelf Research》2011,31(6):739-747

Soil and plant samples were collected in four fringe marsh zones (i.e., A, B, C and D zones) along a pedogenic chronosequence in the Pearl River estuary in the Spring of 2009. Samples were subjected to a total digestion technique and analyzed for P, Ca, Al and Fe in order to study the changes of nutrient contents, storages in soils and their bioavailabilities to wetland plants (e.g. Cyperus malaccensis) in four zones. Results showed that soil Ca increased with depth along soil profiles, while P, Al and Fe generally kept constant in soil profiles in four zones. Al and Fe contents in the top 10 cm soils showed significant decreases from D to A zone, while a significant increase in Ca contents (P<0.05). Significant increases along pedogenic chronosequence for P, Al and Fe at 30-40 cm soil horizons were also observed. Ca was mainly accumulated in plant aboveground parts; Al and Fe were accumulated in the belowground parts; while P was homogenously distributed among the tissues of C. malaccensis. C. malaccensis in D zone had lower Bio-concentration factors (BCFs) of P in the shoots and Al and Fe in the roots, and higher values of Ca in the shoots than those in older zones (P<0.05). Compared to Al and Fe, both Ca and P had relatively higher translocation capacities for C. malaccensis, while only lower TFs for P and higher values for Al and Fe in D zone were observed than those in A and B zones (P<0.05). Except for Al with no significant changes, the total BCFs for P and Fe showed an increasing trend with soil ages, while a decreasing trend for Ca. The total bio-storage factors (TBSFs) of P and Ca declined with the pedogenic time, whereas an increase for Fe. The results of this study can contribute to the wetland conservation and management in the Pearl River estuarine region.  相似文献